used excavator How to awaken the dormant public data

Release date 2024-11-28 14:47:09 Reading 2

　　used excavatorHow to awaken the dormant public data? The top-level design for development and utilization has been introduced

　　Organizing materials, conducting research, used excavatorand reporting data... Just after the National Day holiday, data management agencies and data service companies of various governments have been busy without stopping.

　　This morning, we arrived at our data element industrial park in the province, and we are still conducting research there. "On the evening of October 11th, the deputy director of the government and big data bureau of a prefecture level city in Sichuan Province told a reporter from China Youth Daily and China Youth Network over the phone. Without time for a detailed conversation, he was busy receiving and hung up the phone. During these two days, Fang Yi, the chairman of Daily Interactive Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Daily Interactive"), was busy attending various meetings, conducting research and interviews one after another, and the time was arranged to be "tight". The root cause is related to a top-level design document in the field of public data resource development and utilization.

　　used excavatorOn October 9th, the General Office of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council officially released the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development and Utilization of Public Data Resources" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), proposing to establish preliminary institutional rules for the development and utilization of public data resources by 2025; By 2030, the institutional rules for the development and utilization of public data resources will become more mature, and the resource development and utilization system will be fully established.

　　This is the first systematic deployment of public data resource development and utilization at the central level, "said Liu Liehong, Director of the National Data Administration, at a recent press conference held by the State Council Information Office. On the third day after the release of the "Opinions", the draft for soliciting opinions on two supporting policies was also released to the public on schedule, and the policy and rule system for the development and utilization of public data resources gradually became clear. How to awaken the "dormant" public data has attracted much attention.

　　Clarify the three methods of sharing, openness, and authorized operation

　　used excavatorAs the fifth major production factor after land, labor, capital, and technology, data is increasingly valued by the market.

　　In December 2022, the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Building a Data Infrastructure System to Better Play the Role of Data Elements" were released, known as the "20 Articles of Data" used excavatorin the industry to highlight its importance. When summarizing the exploration of the structural separation system of data property rights, the "Twenty Articles on Data" clearly state the need to establish a classification, grading, and authorization system for public data, enterprise data, and personal data.

　　The public data mentioned here refers to the data resources generated during the lawful performance of duties or provision of public services by party and government organs, enterprises and institutions at all levels, ranging from urban air quality and residential water and electricity consumption to GDP, CPI, etc. The Opinion also continues this concept. Focusing on the field of data intelligence services for more than 10 years, most of the data service products launched by Daily Interactive are based on independently held data and related platform enterprise data development, and there are not many cases of obtaining public data from government and other units. But Fang Yi, who has been dealing with data for a long time, is well versed in the value of various types of data.

　　In the industry, public data is considered a highly valuable data resource, "Fang Yi told reporters. Public data has a large scale and higher objectivity and accuracy, and enterprise and platform data are often collected in real-time, making them more vivid. "In the future, if the openness, authority and accuracy of public data can be combined with the freshness of Internet platform data, the value of data elements can be better played."

　　used excavatorIn fact, as early as 2015, the term "public data" first appeared in the "Action Plan for Promoting the Development of Big Data" issued by the State Council. For many years, public data has played a significant role in supporting the construction of a digital government. However, Liu Liehong frankly stated that the problems of "not daring," "unwilling," and "not knowing" about public data in resource supply, application innovation, and rights distribution are quite prominent, and the value of elements has not been fully released. He also clearly pointed out, "The main contradiction in the insufficient development and utilization of public data resources lies on the supply side

　　The National Data Resource Survey Report (2023) released in May this year shows that in 2023, China's public data openness will increase by over 16% year-on-year, with 18.6% of platform enterprises and 51% of central enterprises applying government open data in the process of data development and utilization. However, in 2023, only 2.9% of the data produced in China will be saved, and about 40% of the stored data will be unused for a year. The value of a large amount of data is underestimated and urgently needs to be mined and reused.

　　In this regard, the Opinion first targets the supply of public data resources, clarifying three ways of providing public data resources: sharing, openness, and authorized operation. Chen Ronghui, Deputy Director of the National Data Administration, stated that the above regulations are mainly based on the consideration of implementing policies according to "needs" and "numbers", which not only meet different development and utilization needs, but also propose targeted management requirements. "The purpose is to systematically solve the problem of 'supply and demand' of public data resources.

　　used excavatorAmong them, "sharing" is aimed at government departments at all levels, mainly solving the problem of data sharing and exchange across levels, regions, systems, departments, and businesses; "Openness" is mainly aimed at enterprises and the public, emphasizing the need to use the Internet to open data or data sets in an orderly manner in accordance with laws and regulations on the premise of maintaining national data security and protecting personal information and trade secrets.

　　Chen Ronghui revealed that as of July this year, 243 provincial-level and city level local governments in China have launched data open platforms, with over 370000 effective datasets open, "a 44 fold increase in the past 8 years". The Opinion proposes to improve the policy system of public data openness, prioritizing the opening of data closely related to people's livelihoods and urgent social needs. These measures will undoubtedly continue to improve the 'quality' and 'effectiveness' of public data openness, "he said.

　　used excavatorFor data with high potential value and certain sensitivity, it is necessary to rely on more professional forces, pay certain governance and development costs, and form data products and services for all parties in society to call upon. In this context, authorized operations have emerged.

　　The development and utilization of public data resources is the entry point for the elemental configuration of data, and also the nose of the development and utilization of social data resources. Meng Qingguo, executive Director of the Laboratory of Computational Social Sciences and National Governance at Tsinghua University, predicts that the "Opinions" will activate the existing public data resources, which account for 70% -80% of the whole society, and "will have a great demonstration and driving effect on the development and utilization of enterprise data resources, personal data resources, etc.

　　Strengthen the standardization of public data authorization operations

　　Public data authorization operationused excavator will be the most important and effective way to expand the supply of public data resources, "Meng Qingguo told reporters. Compared with" sharing "and" openness, "" authorization operation "has significant advantages in balancing the public welfare and profitability of public data, as well as balancing the protection of public data information and the release of data value.

　　He mentioned that public data comes from the public management and service performance of government departments, public enterprises and institutions. If it is used unconditionally and without compensation, the motivation for development and utilization will be insufficient and it will be difficult to sustain. By authorizing operations and allowing operating agencies to provide paid services under government guidance and authorization, it will greatly activate the vitality of the public data market. In addition, authorizing professional institutions to operate public data, following the principle of 'moderate separation of management and operation', allows social capital to participate in an orderly manner, and can also maximize the value of public data elements

　　Previously, the "Twenty Data Articles" mentioned the need to "promote the implementation used excavatorof a public data rights verification and authorization mechanism". The newly released "Opinions" propose to "encourage the exploration of public data authorization operations", explore the inclusion of authorization operations in the "three fold and one big" decision-making scope, and emphasize the need to clarify authorization conditions, operation models, operation periods, exit mechanisms, and security management responsibilities. In the view of the Director of the Data Resources Department of the National Data Administration, this is a major measure to establish a data property rights separation and operation mechanism, as well as an important breakthrough in establishing a classification, grading, and authorization mechanism for public data, enterprise data, and personal data. It is to implement the spirit of the "20 Data Articles".

　　After checking public information, the reporter found that at least 50 specialized policy documents for public data authorization and operation have been released across the country so far, most of which appeared after the introduction of the "20 Data Articles", with the majority of documents released in 2023. Therefore, 2023 is also known as China's' Public Data Authorization Year 'in the industry. Fang Yi believes that the relevant actions in various regions are sufficient to show the expectations of all sectors of society for the authorization and operation of public data resources.

　　used excavatorIn fact, since the establishment of the National Data Administration last year, Fang Yi, as one of the representatives of the enterprise side, has maintained good communication with the National Data Administration in the past year. His company has also participated in the early planning and discussion of relevant policy documents. The main tone of the 'Opinions' is to emphasize the' openness' and 'utilization' of data, which can be understood logically as encouraging both supply and demand sides to work together to integrate data into industrial development while ensuring data security.

　　It is worth noting that the "Opinions" not only include "public data authorization operation" as a new form of public data resource development and utilization, but also write "strengthening resource management and regulating public data authorization operation" as a separate section, and emphasize the need to "establish a sound price formation mechanism to safeguard public interests", focusing on the key issue of how much public data resources are worth.

　　In fact, data pricing has always been the difficulty and focus of market-oriented allocation of data elements. Chen Duan, Director of the Center for Digital Economy Integration and Innovation Development at Central University of Finance and Economics, introduced that currently, the pricing of public data mainly includes expert evaluation, data collection or management agency pricing, market fair value pricing, and other methods, and a unified standard for evaluating the value of public data has not yet been formed. The core is the competition for pricing power among different entities, and behind it lies the differences in pricing models.

　　In response, the Opinion proposes to leverage the price policy and accelerate the establishment of a price formation mechanism that conforms to the characteristics of public data elements. It also clearly proposes two methods: "free use" and "paid use". Free use "of data products and technical services for public governance and public welfare undertakings, with conditional free use; Paid use "is used for the development of industries, as well as for the development of commercial technologies and products. If fees are indeed required, they should not be arbitrarily charged. Instead, government guided prices should be implemented to reduce the overall cost of usage in society.

　　The two revenue streams ensure the public nature of public data and maximize the market vitality of public data development and operation, "said Meng Qingguo. Chen Ronghui stated that establishing a sound price formation mechanism is essentially to correctly handle the relationship between public welfare and market-oriented development and utilization while adhering to the premise of safeguarding public interests, and achieve the maximization of comprehensive economic and social benefits. The reporter learned during the interview that currently, the National Data Administration is working with the National Development and Reform Commission to study and formulate relevant pricing policy documents, used excavatorwhich will be released in the near future.

　　Safely and compliantly use data

　　For the development and utilization of public data resources, "how to ensure that data is used safely and compliantly" is the most concerning issue for the public.

　　Recently, the National Audit Office released the audit results of the 2023 budget execution of central departments and units, which mentioned that seven operation and maintenance units under four departments had set their own data content, service forms, and fee standards without approval, and relied on 13 system data to charge 248 million yuan to the outside world. This is a typical case of public data being illegally utilized. Industry insiders have pointed out that government and public data openness can unleash economic value, but it must also be within the scope of data security requirements. There is a lot of valuable information contained in government data, public data, etc., which requires a high degree of protection, such as restrictions or prohibitions on external circulation, as well as stricter authorization to obtain or use programs.

　　used excavatorIn addition to the illegal use of data, Chen Duan mentioned that in the process of developing and utilizing public data resources, the risk of public data leakage is also worth paying attention to. She said that data has the characteristics of easy replication and portability, high value density of public data, and involves a large amount of sensitive personal information. If leaked, it will have a serious impact on personal privacy, shake the public's trust in the openness of public data, and also bring economic losses to relevant parties. Among them, sensitive information security risks in fields such as national defense and military are particularly prominent, requiring more comprehensive data security prevention mechanisms.

　　In the 'Twenty Articles of Data', adhering to the principle of 'original data not leaving the domain, data available but not visible' is mainly to prevent data leakage, "Meng Qingguo analyzed. The Opinion also continues the above principles of the "20 Articles on Data", making corresponding provisions for public data security, and specifically reiterating that "public data that is kept confidential in accordance with laws and regulations shall not be opened, and strict control shall be exercised over the direct entry of raw public data that is not disclosed in accordance with laws and regulations into the market".

　　used excavatorIn terms of system, the "Opinions" require the establishment and improvement of a work system for classification and grading, risk assessment, monitoring and early warning, emergency response, etc., and the conduct of security risk assessment and application business standardization review for public data utilization. In terms of technology, encourage the development of various forms of data products such as data models, data verification, and evaluation indices. In addition, the Opinion also emphasizes the need to improve the level of risk identification and control related to data aggregation.

　　The deeper the development and utilization of data resources, the stronger the protection of data security and personal information. "Wang Wang introduced that for public data involving personal information, the" Personal Information Protection Law of the People's used excavatorRepublic of China "will be strictly implemented, and desensitization and anonymization processing will be carried out. used excavatorAt the same time, relevant departments will also support technological innovations and applications such as data encryption, trusted circulation, and security governance to better address security issues in data utilization.

　　Regarding the issue of data security compliance in the development and utilization of public data, Fang Yi believes that it should be discussed around specific scenarios. He used the traffic scenario as an example to say that if the data of a certain vehicle is leaked, it may violate privacy, but if the overall road condition data is obtained based on vehicle analysis, it does not involve privacy, and the urban traffic situation reflected by the road condition analysis data will help the traffic management department to improve the level of traffic governance.used excavator

　　Therefore, it is very important to discuss data security and compliance based on specific scenarios. Fang Yi believes that on the one hand, mechanisms should be used to ensure the "scenario by scenario" demonstration, and on the other hand, devices should be used to ensure the use of "sealed scenarios", so that data can be available but not visible, and "data should not be circulated unless it is necessary, but the value of data should flow smoothly.

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used excavator How to awaken the dormant public data

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